Biography:
Rania Abdelmonem Khattab has completed her PhD in 2012 from Faculty of Pharmacy, Microbiology and Immunology Department, Cairo University, Egypt. She has got Cairo University International Publication Award, Egypt in 2013, 2016 and 2017. She has many teaching experiences for both undergraduate and postgraduate courses e.g. basic microbiology and immunology, pharmaceutical microbiology, quality control of herbal drugs, public health and biotechnology. She has attended many workshops and some conferences with poster presentation in the Global Biotechnology Congress, Boston, MA, USA in June 2014 and 3rd Global Microbiologists Annual Meeting, Portland, Oregon, USA, 15-17 August 2016. She has given oral presentation in Clinical Trials Conference, Orlando, Florida, July, 2015. She has published many papers in international journals.
Abstract:
Bacteria are tiny, microscopic, unicellular organisms. The most common bacterial infections among children are skin infections, ear infections, bronchiolitis, pinkeye (conjunctivitis), common cold and throat infections. Urine infection is common in children. It can cause various symptoms. A course of antibiotics will usually clear the infection rapidly. In most cases, a child with a urine infection will make a complete recovery. Certain children are at particular risk of bacterial infections. These children include: infants younger than 3 months, children who have no spleen or who have an immune system disorder and children who have cancer. Sometimes doctors diagnose bacterial infections by the typical symptoms they cause. Bacteria are identified in samples of tissue, blood, or body fluids, such as urine, pus, or cerebrospinal fluid. Bacteria from these samples can be identified under microscope, by culture or with a rapid identification test. Many bacterial infections in children can be prevented by vaccination. Viral infections such as measles, polio, and hepatitis A and B can also be prevented with routine immunization. Sometimes antibiotics alone can eliminate a bacterial infection. However, when an infection has created a large collection of pus, people sometimes also need surgery to drain the pus. Such infections include abscesses and joint infections. Infections spread among children by direct contact, indirect contact, droplets transmission and airborne spread. There are several ways to protect the child; by washing hands, using antibacterial hand sanitizers, cover his or her mouth when coughing or sneezing and clean open cuts.